In recent years, the field of Toxinology has expanded substantially. On the one hand it studies venomous animals, plants and micro organisms in detail to unders
Toxins are important virulence determinants responsible for microbial pathogenicity and/or evasion of the host immune response. Understanding the molecular and
Security sensitive microbes (viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites) and toxins, which are often referred to as the select agents and toxins, have the capacity
Almost all homes, apartments, and commercial buildings will experience leaks, flooding, or other forms of excessive indoor dampness at some point. Not only is e
Food-borne diseases, including those via dairy products, have been recognised as major threats to human health. The causes associated with dairy food-borne dise