The general trend towards miniaturisation and parallelism in optics and electro-optics has led to a requirement for arrays of sub-millimetre sized lenses. Thus,
Due to the development of microscale fabrication methods, microlenses are being used more and more in many unique applications, such as artificial implementatio
The resonator can be considered the real heart of any laser system, the key element that determines the properties of laser radiation, including mode structure