Long-term monitoring programs are fundamental to understanding the natural environment and managing major environmental problems. Yet they are often done very p
Monitoring is integral to all aspects of policy and management for threatened biodiversity. It is fundamental to assessing the conservation status and trends of
The state of ecosystems, biological communities and species are continuously changing as a result of both natural processes and the activities of humans. In ord
This book presents statistical knowledge, and methodology of sampling and data analysis specifically for spatial inventory and monitoring of local natural resou