In many biological models it is necessary to allow the rates of change of the variables to depend on the past history, rather than only the current values, of t
Environmental variation plays an important role in many biological and ecological dynamical systems. This monograph focuses on the study of oscillation and the
In studying the dynamics of populations, whether of animals, plants or cells, it is crucial to allow for delays such as those due to gestation, maturation or tr
Given the importance of interdisciplinary work in sustainability, Simulation of Ecological and Environmental Models introduces the theory and practice of modeli
This book showcases a subclass of hereditary systems, that is, systems with behaviour depending not only on their current state but also on their past history;