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In medieval Occitania (southern France), troubadours and monastic creators fostered a vibrant musical culture. In response to the early Crusade campaigns of the

This volume brings together literary and musical compositions of medieval France, including the Occitanian region, identifying the use of voice in these works a

This volume brings together literary and musical compositions of medieval France, identifying the use of voice in these works as a way of articulating gendered

Occitania, known today as the "south of France," had its own language and culture in the Middle Ages. Its troubadours created "courtly love" and a new poetic la

Spanning a millennium of musical history, this monumental volume brings together nearly forty leading authorities to survey the music of Western Europe in the M