The algorithmic solution of problems has always been one of the major concerns of mathematics. For a long time such solutions were based on an intuitive notion
The systole of a compact metric space $X$ is a metric invariant of $X$, defined as the least length of a noncontractible loop in $X$. When $X$ is a graph, the i
Lie groups and Lie algebras have become essential to many parts of mathematics and theoretical physics, with Lie algebras a central object of interest in their