Download or read book Communication and the Limits of Papal Authority in the Medieval West, 1050-1250 written by Jeffrey Michael Wayno and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each case reveals innovations in papal communication practices while simultaneously highlighting key limitations in the papacy’s ability to implement its will. The papacy, once a model of institutional centralization for medieval historians, suddenly appears much less centralized—and, in many cases, much less effective—of an institution than many scholars had led us to believe. This conclusion forces us to rethink what we know about one of the single most important institutions in European history.