Download or read book Epidemiology of Central Nervous System Infections and of Zika Virus in Bolivia written by Paola Mariela Saba Villarroel and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We performed a prospective study from Nov-2017 to Oct-2018 in Bolivian inpatients with suspected CNS infections to identify the most common aetiologies and to guide diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and public health strategies. We recruited 257 inpatients (20.2% HIV-positive), an infectious aetiology was confirmed in 49.8% of patients. The main aetiologies in HIV-positive patients were Cryptococcus spp. (41.7%) and M. tuberculosis (27.8%), in HIV-negative patients M. tuberculosis (26.1%) and S. pneumoniae (18.5%). The mortality rate was 42.1. Our study calls to reinforced public health policy, in particular regarding tuberculosis, rabies and HIV prevention and care. Zika virus (ZIKV) has recently emerged in the Americas and congenital abnormalities in fetus from women infected during pregnancy have been reported. First, we developed a cost-effective, automatized, sensitive and specific neutralization test based on cytopathic effect (CPE) to perform large seroprevalence studies. Second, we performed a seroprevalence study in 5 cities of Bolivia (Dec-2016 to April-2017) to estimate the ZIKV protective herd immunity, confirming the circulation in the tropical regions (Santa Cruz (21.5%) and Beni (39%)), with Santa Cruz still vulnerable to future outbreaks. Third, 74 pregnant women from Santa Cruz (Bolivia) were recruited (2018), 15 (20.3%) were positive by analyzing different molecular and serological methods.